BelieveIPv6The advantage of the number of addresses is well-known to everyone, and the abundant address stock is the fundamental driving force for IPv6 to be selected as the next-generation network carrier protocol and gradually deployed in commercial use.
However, compared to IPv4, IPv6 not only has an almost infinite number of addresses but also has a greater advantage in network security. This article will focus on introducingSecurity advantages of IPv6.
Traceable and anti-attack
The IPv6 address space is enormous. Currently, the NAT technology widely used by operators to save public IPv6 addresses will no longer be necessary. IPv6 terminals can establish point-to-point connections directly without address conversion, making IPv6 addresses very easy to trace.
The IPv6 address is divided into a 64-bit network prefix and a 64-bit interface address.Assuming an attacker scans at a speed of 1 million hosts per second, it would take about 500,000 years to traverse all the host addresses within a 64-bit prefix.The 64-bit host address greatly increases the difficulty and cost of network scanning, thereby further preventing attacks.
The 64-bit host address greatly increases the difficulty and cost of network scanning, thereby further preventing attacks.
Supports IPSec security encryption mechanism
The IPv6 protocol integrates the IPSec security function by default, and implements encryption and verification functions through the extended authentication header (AH) and the encapsulated security payload header (ESP).
The AH protocol implements data integrity and data source authentication functions, and ESP adds security encryption functions on the basis of the above functions. The IPv6 protocol integrated with IPSec truly realizes end-to-end security, where intermediate forwarding devices only need to perform normal forwarding on packets with IPSec extension headers, without processing the IPSec extension headers, which greatly reduces the forwarding pressure.
Security enhancement of NDP and SEND
In the IPv6 protocol, the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) replaces the ARP and some ICMP control functions in the existing IPv4.
The NDP protocol achieves link layer address and routing discovery, address auto-configuration, and other functions by exchanging ICMPv6 information packets and error packets between nodes, and strengthens the robustness of communication by maintaining the neighbor reachability state. The NDP protocol is independent of the transmission medium, which makes it more convenient to expand its functions.
The existing IPv6 protocol layer encryption and authentication mechanism can protect the NDP protocol. The IPv6 secure neighbor discovery protocol (SEND) is an extension of NDP, and the purpose of SEND is to provide an alternative mechanism to protect NDP through another encryption method independent of IPSec, ensuring the security of transmission.
Real source address verification system
The architecture of the Real Source IPv6 Address Verification System (SAVA) is divided into three levels: access network (Access Network), intra-AS (Intra-AS), and inter-AS (Inter-AS) source address verification. It constitutes a multi-layer monitoring and defense system from the granularity of host IP address, IP address prefix, and autonomous system.
This system not only can effectively prevent attacks such as source address spoofing, but can also implement billing and network management based on real source addresses through traffic monitoring.
The security risks of IPv6 still exist
Compared with IPv4, IPv6 has been pre-designed and fully considered in terms of security, but still has some difficult-to-solve security risks. As a network layer protocol, IPv6 itself cannot solve attacks caused by other functional layers (such as application layer vulnerabilities).
At the same time, IPv6 inherits some security risks that exist in IPv4, and the dual-stack configuration and other transition mechanisms between IPv4 and IPv6 may also introduce security risks. At the same time, IPv6 also has its own unique security vulnerabilities.
Due to the reliable address verification and traceability mechanism provided by the IPv6 protocol, it is possible to trace and dispose of the attacks mentioned above in a timely manner, thus achieving efficient information security governance.
Having network security awareness is the premise of ensuring network security, therefore, when deploying IPv6, it is necessary to establish a good security prevention awareness. While fully utilizing the security features of IPv6 itself during deployment, it is also necessary to set a reasonable security deployment strategy.
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